During British rule in India, various labor organizations emerged to address the grievances and rights of workers who faced exploitation and poor working conditions under colonial rule. Some of the notable labor organizations during this period include:
Bombay Mill-Hands Association: Formed in 1890, the Bombay Mill-Hands Association was one of the earliest labor organizations in India. It represented textile workers in Bombay (now Mumbai) and advocated for better working conditions, higher wages, and improved living standards for factory workers.
Madras Labour Union: Established in 1918 by B.P. Wadia and V. Kalyanasundaram, the Madras Labour Union was one of the first organized labor unions in South India. It represented workers across various industries in Madras (now Chennai) and campaigned for workers' rights, including fair wages, job security, and the abolition of oppressive labor practices.
All India Trade Union Congress (AITUC): Founded in 1920, the All India Trade Union Congress (AITUC) was one of the earliest national-level trade union federations in India. It emerged from the Non-Cooperation Movement and aimed to unite workers across different industries and regions to demand better working conditions, higher wages, and job security. Leaders like Lala Lajpat Rai and N.M. Joshi played key roles in its formation.
Indian Federation of Labour (IFL): Established in 1942, the Indian Federation of Labour (IFL) was a trade union federation that emerged from the Quit India Movement. It brought together various regional and industry-specific labor unions to coordinate efforts against British colonial rule and advocate for workers' rights and social justice.
Bengal Labour Association: Founded in 1921, the Bengal Labour Association represented workers in the jute industry and other sectors in Bengal. It played a crucial role in organizing strikes, protests, and negotiations with employers and colonial authorities to address labor issues and improve working conditions.
Workers' and Peasants' Parties: Alongside labor unions, several political parties emerged during the British colonial period that championed the cause of workers' rights and social justice. These parties, such as the Communist Party of India (CPI) and the Socialist Party, mobilized workers and peasants to demand land reforms, better wages, and improved living conditions.
These labor organizations and movements played a significant role in shaping the labor movement in India during British rule. They laid the foundation for future labor activism and contributed to the eventual recognition of workers' rights and the establishment of labor laws in independent India.
Thank You.
