Angiosperm Plants
Angiosperms, also known as flowering plants, represent a diverse group of plants within the plant kingdom. They are characterized by the presence of flowers and the production of seeds enclosed within a protective structure called a fruit. Angiosperms are the most widespread and diverse group of plants on Earth, comprising the majority of plant species.
Key features of angiosperms include:
Flowers: Angiosperms produce reproductive structures called flowers, which are typically composed of sepals, petals, stamens (male reproductive organs), and carpels (female reproductive organs). The diversity of flower structures is vast, and it plays a crucial role in attracting pollinators for reproduction.
Fruits: After successful pollination and fertilization, angiosperms develop fruits, which protect and house the seeds. Fruits aid in the dispersal of seeds by wind, water, animals, or other means, contributing to the widespread distribution of angiosperms.
Seeds: Angiosperms produce seeds, which are the result of fertilization. These seeds are often found within the ovary of the flower and are surrounded by the fruit. The seed contains the embryonic plant, along with stored nutrients and a protective seed coat.
Vascular Tissues: Angiosperms have well-developed vascular tissues, including xylem and phloem, that facilitate the transport of water, nutrients, and sugars throughout the plant.
Dominance in Plant Kingdom: Angiosperms are the dominant group of plants on Earth, with over 300,000 recognized species. They are found in various habitats, ranging from deserts and grasslands to forests and aquatic environments.
Angiosperms are further classified into two main groups based on the number of cotyledons (seed leaves) in the embryo: monocots and dicots. Monocots have one cotyledon, while dicots have two. This classification is significant in understanding the diversity and evolutionary relationships among angiosperms.
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