Persistence: Cookies can be persistent or session-based. Persistent cookies are stored on the user's device for a specified duration, even after the browser is closed, while session cookies are temporary and exist only during a single browsing session.
Client-Side Storage: Cookies are stored on the user's device, typically within their web browser. This allows websites to access and retrieve cookie data on subsequent visits.
Key-Value Pair: Cookies consist of a key-value pair, where the key is a name or identifier, and the value is the data associated with that key. For example, a cookie might have the key "username" with the value "JohnDoe."
Domain and Path: Cookies can be set to be accessible only to a specific domain or subdomain and, in some cases, a specific path on the domain. This provides control over where the cookie can be used.
Secure Flag: Cookies can be marked as "secure," indicating that they should only be transmitted over secure (HTTPS) connections. This is commonly used for cookies that store sensitive information like login credentials.
HttpOnly Flag: Setting the HttpOnly flag on a cookie restricts its accessibility through JavaScript. This is a security feature to prevent cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks.
Same-Site Attribute: The Same-Site attribute allows for better control over which sites can access cookies. It can be set to "Strict" (only the same site can access the cookie) or "Lax" (slightly more permissive, allowing some cross-site access for user-initiated actions).
Size Limit: Cookies have a maximum size limit, typically around 4KB, which restricts the amount of data that can be stored in a single cookie.
Automatic Handling: Cookies are automatically included in HTTP requests to the same domain. Web browsers manage cookies by sending them in HTTP headers, which makes it easy for websites to retrieve and use cookie data.
Client-Side Control: Users have control over cookies in their web browsers. They can view, delete, or block cookies, and many modern browsers provide options for managing cookie preferences and privacy settings.
Cross-Browser Compatibility: Cookies work across different web browsers, making them a universal mechanism for storing and retrieving data on the client side.
Scalability: Cookies can be used to store small amounts of data and are suitable for a wide range of applications, from session management to user preferences.
Universal Adoption: Virtually all modern websites use cookies to some extent, making them a widely accepted and standardized technology for web development.
Limited Data: Due to their size and limited storage capabilities, cookies are not suitable for storing large amounts of data or files. They are best used for small pieces of information.
These features make cookies a versatile tool for web developers to enhance user experiences and provide various functionalities on websites, but it's essential to use them responsibly and consider user privacy and security concerns.
Thank you.
