Muslims in India were distinct nations with irreconcilable differences and therefore required separate political entities. This theory formed the ideological basis for the demand for Pakistan and underpinned the Muslim League's political agenda.
Negotiations with the British: Jinnah and the Muslim League engaged in negotiations with the British government to advance the demand for Pakistan. They leveraged political pressure and constitutional negotiations to push for the creation of a separate Muslim state, particularly during the latter stages of British colonial rule in India.
Partition Plan: The Muslim League's persistent advocacy for Pakistan culminated in the partition plan proposed by the British government in June 1947. The plan envisaged the partition of British India into two separate dominions, India and Pakistan, with Pakistan comprising Muslim-majority regions in the northwest and northeast of the subcontinent.
Direct Action Day: In August 1946, the Muslim League called for a "Direct Action Day" to press its demand for Pakistan. The day witnessed widespread communal violence in several cities, particularly in Calcutta (now Kolkata), resulting in thousands of deaths and further exacerbating communal tensions between Hindus and Muslims.
Political Mobilization: Jinnah and the Muslim League engaged in extensive political mobilization among Muslims in India to garner support for the demand for Pakistan. They organized rallies, conferences, and campaigns to galvanize public opinion and build momentum for the partition of India along religious lines.
Overall, Muhammad Ali Jinnah and the All-India Muslim League played instrumental roles in articulating the demand for Pakistan, mobilizing support for the creation of a separate Muslim state, and ultimately securing the partition of India in 1947, which led to the birth of Pakistan as an independent nation.
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